青銅鼎中圓鼎的制作工藝

圓鼎的鑄造工藝具有很強(qiáng)的縱向可比性；同時(shí)，圓鼎又是當(dāng)時(shí)最具有代表性的器物，它的鑄造工藝應(yīng)該代表了一個(gè)時(shí)期青銅器冶鑄工藝的主流，現(xiàn)在一次來說一些關(guān)于青銅鼎中圓鼎的鑄造工藝吧。

The casting process of round tripod has strong longitudinal comparability; At the same time, the round tripod was the most representative utensil at that time. Its casting process should represent the mainstream of bronze smelting and casting technology in a period. Now let's talk about the casting process of round tripod in bronze tripod.

1、錐足圓鼎：此鼎斜折沿、厚方唇、拱形立耳微外移，下部微鼓，圓底。口唇飾燕尾紋一周，雙耳外側(cè)飾龍紋。初始系渾鑄成形，后因鼎足出現(xiàn)澆不足缺陷而再次澆注，致使空足與腹腔不連通。3塊腹范與1塊腹芯組成鑄型。3塊腹范沿三足外側(cè)中線分型。足部、足腹連接處及腹部紋飾上的鑄造披縫明顯。腹芯與三足芯、芯合為一體；沿二足倒立澆灃成形。腹部及口沿外的紋飾為模作紋，足似范作紋。鼎腹可見一形狀不規(guī)則的。

1. Conical foot round tripod: This tripod has a slanted fold edge, thick square lips, arched vertical ears and a slightly outward shift, with a slightly drum at the lower part and a round bottom. The lips are decorated with swallow tail, and the outer sides of the ears are decorated with dragon patterns. Initially, it was formed by muddy casting, and then it was poured again due to the insufficient pouring defect of the tripod foot, resulting in the gap between the empty foot and the abdominal cavity. Three web molds and one web core form the mold. Three abdominal models were classified along the midline of the lateral side of the three feet. The casting drapes on the foot, the joint of the foot abdomen and the abdominal decoration are obvious. The abdomen core is integrated with the tripod core and core; Pour and shape along the two feet. The patterns on the abdomen and outside the mouth edge are patterned, and the feet are patterned. An irregular shape can be seen in the belly of the tripod.

2、弦紋錐足圓鼎：此鼎斜折沿，方唇，口部變形，故形狀不甚規(guī)則。拱形立耳，深腹，壁較薄，圜底。三空錐足與腹腔通。耳足呈四點(diǎn)試配置。上腹部外壁有不規(guī)則的凸弦紋三道，余均素面。

2. String pattern cone foot round tripod: This tripod has an oblique fold edge, square lips, and deformed mouth, so its shape is irregular. Arch shaped ears, deep abdomen, thin wall, round bottom. The three hollow cone feet connect with the abdominal cavity. The ears and feet are arranged in four points for trial. There are three irregular convex chord lines on the outer wall of the upper abdomen, and the rest are plain.

圓鼎的制造工藝難度比方鼎要小得多，所以直接造成了圓鼎無論在數(shù)量上，還是在造型上都要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于方鼎。不管是圓鼎還是方鼎，都是是我們國(guó)家5000多年歷史文明的見證，也是文化的載體。

The manufacturing process of round tripod is much less difficult than that of square tripod, so the round tripod is much more than square tripod in terms of both quantity and shape. Both round and square tripods are the witness of our country's 5000 year history and civilization, as well as the carrier of culture.